Ero sivun ”Kiltova” versioiden välillä
Siirry navigaatioon
Siirry hakuun
Rivi 7: | Rivi 7: | ||
=== PAQ2018 === | === PAQ2018 === | ||
Partnership on air quality tuotti mallin, jonka yleiskuvaus on alla olevissa taulukoissa. Laskenta on toteutettu Excelillä. [https://ec.europa.eu/futurium/en/air-quality/new-tool-measuring-benefits-generated-terms-impact-citizens-health-and-living]. EU-komission ilmansaasteiden yleissivu on https://ec.europa.eu/futurium/en/air-quality. Taustatietoja mallista ja tarvittavia lähtötietoja löytyy | Partnership on air quality tuotti mallin, jonka yleiskuvaus on alla olevissa taulukoissa. Laskenta on toteutettu Excelillä. [https://ec.europa.eu/futurium/en/air-quality/new-tool-measuring-benefits-generated-terms-impact-citizens-health-and-living]. EU-komission ilmansaasteiden yleissivu on https://ec.europa.eu/futurium/en/air-quality. Taustatietoja mallista ja tarvittavia lähtötietoja löytyy osoitteesta https://gateway.euro.who.int/en/hfa-explorer/. WHO-datan käyttöehdot löytyvät [https://www.who.int/about/who-we-are/publishing-policies/data-policy/terms-and-conditions täältä]. | ||
User inputs: | User inputs: | ||
Rivi 20: | Rivi 20: | ||
{| {{prettytable}} | {| {{prettytable}} | ||
|+'''Olennaiset laskentafunktiot | |+'''Olennaiset laskentafunktiot | ||
!Variable !! Equation | |||
|---- | |---- | ||
| Population at risk|| Standard population age group / total standard population * total target population | | Population at risk|| Standard population age group / total standard population * total target population | ||
Rivi 185: | Rivi 185: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| 1.5% (-0.3% - 3.2%)<ref name="zee2016"/> | | 1.5% (-0.3% - 3.2%)<ref name="zee2016"/> | ||
| | | |
Versio 7. joulukuuta 2020 kello 17.53
[show] Tämä sivu on ensyklopedia-artikkeli.
Sivutunniste: Op_fi5938 |
---|
Kiltova on Syken koordinoima projekti, joka tuottaa toiminnallisuuksia ilmastotoimenpiteiden vaikutusten arviointiin. Päähuomio on muissa kuin suorissa ilmastovaikutuksissa, esimerkiksi ilmansaasteissa, talousvaikutuksissa jne.
Malleja
PAQ2018
Partnership on air quality tuotti mallin, jonka yleiskuvaus on alla olevissa taulukoissa. Laskenta on toteutettu Excelillä. [1]. EU-komission ilmansaasteiden yleissivu on https://ec.europa.eu/futurium/en/air-quality. Taustatietoja mallista ja tarvittavia lähtötietoja löytyy osoitteesta https://gateway.euro.who.int/en/hfa-explorer/. WHO-datan käyttöehdot löytyvät täältä.
User inputs:
- Total number of citizens in region of interest
- Age distribution by one-year age groups
- Outdoor air pollutant concentrations. All concentrations in ug/m3. The assumed cut-off values (i.e. no-effect thresholds) are shown in parenthesis.
- PM10 (3.9)
- PM2.5 (2.5)
- NO2 (5.0)
- EC (0.3)
Variable | Equation |
---|---|
Population at risk | Standard population age group / total standard population * total target population |
Magnitude total Burden of Disease | Population * incidence or prevalence / scaling factor |
Attributable cases/burden of disease | BoD*(RR-1)/RR |
RR ∆ exposure | exp(ln(RR_per_10)/10*(exposure-cutoff)) |
YLD | (attributable cases or bod)*YLD per unit |
Costs | (attributable cases or BoD) * cost per unit (€) |
Percentage decline FEV1 | decline fev1/10*(exposure-cutoff) |
Total YLD / costs. | Sum of morbidity. Does not include RAD and LBW and FEV1 |
YLL | attributable cases * disability weight (1) * duration (10.6 a) |
Total DALYs / health damage in € | YLD + YLL due to PM2.5 & NO2 |
Decline in life expectancy | (exposure – cutoff)/10* decline in life exposure (d) (MIKSI EI JAETA 10 jos EC?) |
Response | Age | Exposure agent | ERF | Scaling factor | Incidence or prevalence | Default value incidence or prevalence | ERF (per 10 µg/m3) | Disability weight | Duration | YLD per unit | Costs per unit (€) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Morbidity | |||||||||||
Annual number of days with bronchitis in children | 6-12 a | PM10 | RR | 100000/14 | 18600 | Europe: 18600[1] | 1.080 (0.980 - 1.190)[2][3] | 0.22500 | 0.00274 | 0.00062[4] | 49[5] |
Incidence chronic bronchitis in adults | 18+ a | PM10 | RR | 100000 | 390 | Europe: 390[6] | 1.117 (1.040 - 1.189)[2][3] | 0.09900 | 10.00000 | 0.99000[7] | 62712[5] |
Incidence of asthma symptoms in asthmatic children | 5-19 a | PM10 | RR | 100000/0.17/365.25 | 4900 | West Europe: 4900, North and East Europe: 3500[2] | 1.028 (1.006 - 1.051)[2][3] | 0.07000 | 0.00274 | 0.00019[7] | 49[5] |
Hospitalizations, cardiovascular diseases | all ages | PM2.5 | RR | 100000 | 2416 | Europe[8] | 1.0091 (1.0017 - 1.0166)[2][3] | 0.58800 | 0.03800 | 0.02230[9] | 2574[5] |
Hospitalizations, respiratory diseases | all ages | PM2.5 | RR | 100000 | 1407 | Europe: 1848[8] | 1.0190 (0.9982 - 1.0402)[2][3] | 0.40800 | 0.03800 | 0.01550[9] | 2574[5] |
Restricted activity days (RADs) (including sick-leave, hospital emergency admission, symptom days per person per year) | all ages | PM2.5 | RR | 1 | 19 | Europe: 19[2][10] | 1.0470 (1.0420 - 1.0530)[2][3] | ||||
Work days lost per worker per year, working age population | age 20-65 a | PM2.5 | RR | 1 | 12 | No Default Value[8] | 1.0460 (1.0390 - 1.0530)[2][3] | 0.09900 | 0.00274 | 0.00027[7] | 152[5] |
Lung cancer | age 30+ a | PM2.5 | RR | 100000 | 64 | Europe: 49[8] | 1.0900 (1.0400 - 1.1400)[11] | 0.45100 | 1.00000 | 0.45100[4] | |
Low birth weight (< 2500 g at term) | 0 a | PM2.5 | RR | 100000 | 7100 | Europe: 6700[8] | 1.1900 (1.0000 - 1.4200)[11] | ||||
Decreased lung function (FEV1) in percentage (per 10 µg/m³) | 6-12 a | PM2.5 | linear | 1.5% (-0.3% - 3.2%)[11] | |||||||
Mortality | |||||||||||
Post-neonatal mortality | 1-12 months = age 0 a*11/12 | PM10 | RR | 100000 | 300 | Europe: 300[8] | 1.040 (1.020 - 1.070)[2][3] | 1 | 80 | 80[7] | 67500[5] |
YLL (premature deaths) due to PM10 | 30+ a | PM10 | RR | 100000 | 1363.8[12] | 1.035 (1.004 - 1.066)[13] | 1 | 10.6 | 10.6[14] | ||
YLL (premature deaths) due to PM2.5 | 30+ a | PM2.5 | RR | 100000 | 1363.8[12] | 1.062 (1.041 - 1.084)[13] | |||||
YLL (premature deaths) due to NO2 | 30+ a | NO2 | RR | 100000 | 1363.8[12] | 1.020 (1.010 - 1.030)[15] | |||||
YLL (premature deaths) due to EC | 30+ a | EC | RR | 100000 | 1363.8[12] | 1.061 (1.049 - 1.073)[13] | |||||
Mortality in premature mortality (decline in life expectancy) in days | Decline in life expectancy (d) | ||||||||||
Due to PM10 | 30+ a | PM10 | linear ERF | 1.035 (1.004 - 1.066)[13] | 120 (14 - 223)[13] | ||||||
Due to PM2.5 | 30+ a | PM2.5 | linear ERF | 1.062 (1.041 - 1.084)[13] | 210 (140 - 281)[13] | ||||||
Due to NO2 | 30+ a | NO2 | linear ERF | 1.020 (1.010 - 1.030)[15] | 69 (35 - 103)[13] | ||||||
Due to EC | 30+ a | EC | linear ERF | 1.061 (1.049 - 1.073)[13] | 206 (167 - 246)[13] |
Viitteet
- ↑ PATY study (Hoek et al., 2012)
- ↑ Siirry ylös kohtaan: 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 2,6 2,7 2,8 2,9 HRAPIE
- ↑ Siirry ylös kohtaan: 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 3,5 3,6 3,7 WHO 2013
- ↑ Siirry ylös kohtaan: 4,0 4,1 WHO 2017a
- ↑ Siirry ylös kohtaan: 5,0 5,1 5,2 5,3 5,4 5,5 5,6 Holland (2014), corrected to price levels of 2015. Amounts are based on the lower limits.
- ↑ HRAPIE: SAPALDIA
- ↑ Siirry ylös kohtaan: 7,0 7,1 7,2 7,3 Heimtsa & Intarese 2011
- ↑ Siirry ylös kohtaan: 8,0 8,1 8,2 8,3 8,4 8,5 WHO
- ↑ Siirry ylös kohtaan: 9,0 9,1 Bachmann & van der Kamp 2017
- ↑ Ostro et al., 1989
- ↑ Siirry ylös kohtaan: 11,0 11,1 11,2 Van der Zee et al., 2016
- ↑ Siirry ylös kohtaan: 12,0 12,1 12,2 12,3 Value for Finland
- ↑ Siirry ylös kohtaan: 13,0 13,1 13,2 13,3 13,4 13,5 13,6 13,7 13,8 13,9 Hoek et al., 2013
- ↑ De Leeuw & Horálek 2016/5
- ↑ Siirry ylös kohtaan: 15,0 15,1 Atkinson et al., 2017